Knowledge, use, and perception of artificial intelligence among medical students at Universidad Privada del Este

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming global medical education, offering tools for personalized learning and clinical support. However, its adoption in Latin America faces structural and educational challenges. The objective of this research is to determine the level of knowledge, use, and perception of artificial intelligence among medical students at the Universidad Privada del Este – Ciudad del Este branch. This is an observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study conducted in October 2025 with 261 medical students selected by convenience sampling. A validated digital questionnaire was used to assess demographics, tool usage, training, and ethical perception. Descriptive and inferential analysis (Chi-square) was performed using Microsoft Excel for data management. It was found that 82.0% of students use AI tools (mainly ChatGPT), but only 28.4% have received formal training. No statistically significant association (p = 0.275) was found between the year of study and prior training. Additionally, 76.4% demand the inclusion of AI in the curriculum, with this demand being higher among those who already have prior training (74.5% vs. 59.9%, p = 0.028). Furthermore, 90% perceive that the regional healthcare infrastructure is not prepared for AI. In conclusion, there is an accelerated but empirical adoption of AI among students. It is imperative to institutionalize digital literacy in the undergraduate curriculum to bridge the gap between informal use and ethical professional competence.